Childhood Vaccinations Vaccination Cause Autism And...

Childhood Vaccinations Childhood vaccinations in the United States has become a very controversial issue over the years whether it should be the parents’ rights or the governments right to require them. There are specific immunization schedules, all are important but the most important ones are the ones received during our childhood. Immunizations received during childhood have eradicated diseases such as measles and polio, they prevent outbreaks, contribute to the â€Å"herd† immunity and implications of future generations. Although, there are individuals who are against vaccinating their children due to not being properly educated on the safety of vaccines and believing in fallacious claims such as vaccination cause Autism and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Vaccinations are important for all ages but during childhood they are the most critical to the health of all individuals around the United States and the world. Childhood vaccinations are crucial to everyone, and it is important that children receive all scheduled immunizations. Safety of Childhood Vaccinations In recent years more and more parents have become misled by fallacious claims towards vaccinations which have caused for a decrease in childhood vaccinations for preventable diseases cause side effects such as autism and sudden infant death syndrome. The study that influenced many parents to not vaccinate their children was done by Andrew Wakefield, and his study claimed that vaccines such as Measles, Mumps, andShow MoreRelatedThe Controversy Of Childhood Vaccination1173 Words   |  5 Pages Vaccinations are something that is none around the world. It is supported in many countries but in others it is not. In the United States there is a constant controversy as to whether to vaccinate or not. Most parents in our society opt for the vaccination process to protect their children in any way they can. Although, many parents do not see it that way. The controversy of childhood vaccination spans back more than just a few years it goes back as far as the 18th century (Nelson) but the fact Read MoreShould Childhood Vaccinations Be Compulsory? 1153 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Should childhood vaccinations become compulsory has repeatedly been in the news lately with new research testing done. This research was undergone to see if vaccines caused autism, SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome), multiple sclerosis (MS) and many more. The most recent study published in the Advertiser on May 20, 2014. This story appeared all over the news across Australia and is making headlines globally. It discusses that childhood vaccinations should become compulsory and theyRead MoreChildhood Vaccinations Essay1450 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Prevention is better than cure.† This common statement could not relate any better than it does with the controversy surrounding the morality, effectiveness, and safety of childhood immunizations. The major argument is whether or not laws should be established to declare vaccination mandatory for all children. â€Å"The US food and Drug administration (FDA) regulates all vaccines to ensure safety and effectiveness,† (ProCon .org, 2012) therefor there should not be any reason to risk the health of anyRead MoreChild Immunization Essay2396 Words   |  10 Pagesmedical field it is my duty and responsibility to educate parents about the vaccinations which child is receiving and be able to explain to the parents what the vaccination is for and how to protect their child from illness or deadly diseases. According to MedlinePlus website the meaning of immunization (vaccination) is a way to trigger your immune system and prevent serious, life threatening diseases.17 Vaccination is another form of keeping our children healthy, especially when they are inRead MoreThe Importance Of Vaccinations For Children With Added Protection803 Words   |  4 PagesTo vaccinate or not to vaccinate? Parents with infants and young children have been tussling with this proverbial question for several decades now. With the advent of the internet and the World Wide Web, parents have been bombarded with a plethora of information about pros and cons of vaccines from all kinds of sources, some creditable, and some are not. To the non-scientific community, these conflicting information can create problems in the decision making process; thus, forcing parents to makeRead MoreShould Children Save Their Lives?2586 Words   |  11 Pagesof the vaccinations available one would think this would be an uncommon occurrence, unfortunately it isn t as uncommon as it should be. There are many reasons people don t vaccinate their children. Some people believe it can cause autism o r physical complications, others don t vaccinate their children because of religious beliefs, and some believe that the vaccinations hold no real purpose and will do nothing for children. There is a staggering amount of research supporting vaccinations and moreRead MoreChildhood Vaccination Of A Child969 Words   |  4 Pagesstarted to develop serious symptoms of autism right after MMR vaccine and that put her second child at very high risk. Is children vaccination even necessary? Do children really need vaccines? Is autism linked to vaccination? Question regardless vaccination of a child has been controversy for centuries. The role of childhood vaccination in prevention of diseases in the population is still very open subject of debate. In addition, the prospect of expanding vaccination programs to include healthy childrenRead MoreThe Vaccine Controversy Essay examples1641 Words   |  7 Pagesmorality, ethics, effectiveness, and /or safety of vaccinations. The medical and scien tific evidence is that the benefits of preventing suffering and death from infectious diseases outweigh rare adverse effects of immunization. Since vaccination began in the late 18th century, opponents have claimed that vaccines do not work, that they are or may be dangerous, that individuals should rely on personal hygiene instead, or that mandatory vaccinations violate individual rights or religious principlesRead MorePros and Cons to Vaccination in Children1750 Words   |  7 PagesJennifer Krahenbuhl English 102 Patricia McKeown September 1st 2014 Pros and Cons to Vaccinations in Children Almost everyone has heard of the benefits and dangers of childhood vaccines. Parents are especially eager to do what is best for their child to protect him or her. Some people have different opinions on what the best specifically entails when it comes to childhood vaccines. Vaccinations are a controversial discussion as parents question whether it should be mandatory or optional whenRead MoreControversies Surrounding Vaccine Essay example701 Words   |  3 PagesImmunization is the process by which a person or animal becomes protected against a disease. Even though it’s â€Å"one of the greatest health development of the 20th century†, the number of infants who aren’t fully vaccinated are increasing gradually over the past years. This happened because of all the controversy surrounding vaccine. Despite the fact that it can prevent potentially life-threatening diseases, people are paying less attention to those infections because they are rarely seen nowadays

Starbucks - 2621 Words

Starbucks Josh Thomas LCSC October 18, 2012 Abstract This paper looks at Starbucks history and evaluates its current financial situation. Their sense of community, responsibility and social awareness has made Starbucks the company that it is today. Starbucks has adopted a unique culture that is hard to duplicate by other organizations. As stated on their website, the company’s vision is to establish Starbucks as the most recognized and respected brand in the world. The ideals, along with the leadership of Howard Schultz, Starbucks CEO, has helped position the company where it is today, which in turn has positively affected the financials of the organization. This paper examines the financials and makes recommendations for new†¦show more content†¦In the period ending 2010, Starbucks revenues were 10,707,000,000. The revenues increased to 11,700,000,000 in 2011 and in 2012 increased again to 13,300,000,000. The income statement for the fiscal year ended February 26, 2010 shows that the net incomes attributable to Starbucks were 946,000,000. Net income increased to 1,246,000,000 in 2011. Revenue and net income increased indicating that the company is doing well even with the tough economic times. This would be an ideal financial situation thus making Starbucks ideal to invest in new technology. Starbucks balance sheet shows the financial position of the company. Investors and analysts use the balance sheet for information on the company’s assets and capital. In 2010, Starbucks current assets were 2,756,000,000. In 2011 the current assets increased to 3,795,000,000 and then increased again to 4,200,000,000 in 2012. With the increase in assets, it is an indication that Starbucks may be doing well or at least making enough money to acquire new assets. The current liabilities in the years 2010 and 2011 for Starbucks were 1,450,000,000 and 2,051,000,000 respectively. From 2010 to 2011 common equity increased from 3,675,000,000 to 4,385,000,000. This indicates that people are investing in Starbucks and the company is making money. The liquidity ratio of Starbucks measures its ability to meet its obligations that are short term. Cash, quick and current ratios are used to assess the short termShow MoreRelatedStarbucks And Starbucks : Starbucks1047 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: Rumors have fluttered about a widely known company that specializes in coffee called Starbucks. The rumor accused Starbucks in 2004 over an email. A Sargent in the Marines helped make the email go viral. A friend of his informed him about the email and it then began to spread like wildfire. According to the Sargent, he actually contacted the disgruntled sender and got a â€Å"real story† from him, but this was never actually verified as to whether or not it’s true. The whole situation upsetRead MoreStarbucks : The Success Of Starbucks1080 Words   |  5 Pages What factors accounted for the extraordinary success of Starbucks in the early 1990s? What was so compelling about the Starbucks value proposition? What brand image did Starbucks develop during this period? The factors for the extraordinary success of Starbucks is all due to the vision of Howard Schultz. Schultz wanted to change the coffee drinking experience by establishing benefits to create value in the coffee drinking experience. One of his vision was to recreate the coffee culture in ItalyRead MoreStarbucks : The Entry Of Starbucks923 Words   |  4 PagesThe entry of Starbucks in Australia began in July 2000. The Starbucks Australia is a wholly owned subsidiary as a joint venture between Markus Hofer and Starbucks Coffee International, subsequently licensed its local chain to the Withers Group, which operates 7-Eleven in Australia. Began selling espressos, frappuccino, and filtered coffee from its first store in Sydney’s Central Business District (CBD). The company was facing difficulties in the Australian cafà © market. However, the company aggressivelyRead MoreStarbucks And Its Impact On Starbucks1054 Words   |  5 PagesA total weighted score at 2.67 for Starbucks po ints to an average but good internal standing in the Internal Factor Evaluation. The first strength of Starbucks is its diverse and inclusive workforce that allows this corporation to cater to a wider market reflecting today’s current demographics. This key strength has put Starbucks as a well-recognized brand among this young and diverse market. According to the Starbucks website, their workforce has led the way in diversity, 65% of U.S. employeesRead MoreStarbucks694 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction 1.1 Purpose of report The economic impact of Starbucks on the UK economy June 2013 The objective of this report is to investigate the economic contribution of Starbucks to the UK economy. This contribution is quantified in terms of impacts from: ï€  The operation of Starbucks in the UK; ï€  The supply chain effects created by Starbucks purchases of inputs from elsewhere in the UK economy. ï€  The consumer expenditure of Starbucks’ staff and those employed directly in its supply chain spendingRead MoreStarbucks And Its Effect On Starbucks1079 Words   |  5 Pagesyear Starbucks made 10.7 billion dollars? Who here has ever been to Starbucks? Well I have, they have delightful hot and cold drinks and scrumptious desserts. But did you know Starbucks also owns Teavana. Today I’m going to talk to you about one of the world’s most well-known coffee shops in the world; Starbucks. Firstly I’m going to talk about its history. When first started it was called Pequod’s coffee because Pequod was the name the owner’s first ship. But they soon settled on Starbucks. StarbucksRead MoreStarbucks : Starbucks Economic Analysis1673 Words   |  7 PagesStarbucks Economic Analysis 1 Starbucks Economic Analysis PATTEN UNIVERSITY JULY 29, 2015 MGT407 Managerial Economics Starbucks Economic Analysis 2 The coffee industry had never been the same since the early 1970s when three investors started a Seattle business called Starbucks Coffee, Tea, and Spice in Pikes Peak Market. Each invested about one thousand dollars and-and borrowed five thousand more from a bank to launch their endeavor. The coffee-loving character in Herman Melville’s great novel MobyRead MoreStarbucks, A Large Portion Of Starbucks1055 Words   |  5 Pages For Starbucks, business is good. Starbucks continues to come up with more and more innovations and ways to market their products. Last year Starbucks started bottling their iced coffee and selling them as a new product lines in their stores, as well as many new sandwich choices. The ability to provide fresh new ideas year after year provides Starbucks with a growing customer base and a growing net gain. Starbucks will continue to come up with new ideas and products that will continue to bring inRead MoreStarbucks Case Analysis : Starbucks1580 Words   |  7 Pages7/25/15 Starbucks Case Study I chose to do a case analysis on Starbucks because I am a huge fan, as a college student I am addicted to caffeine and Starbucks is how I get my caffeine fix! I am a gold card member with Starbucks meaning, I drink so much of their coffee they rewarded me as a valuable customer. Some perks include a free food or beverage after twelve purchases, a free food or beverage on my birthday, as well as discount coupons and exclusive member deals. The first Starbucks locationRead MoreStarbucks1117 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Starbucks started in 1971 and by creating a cozy third place to customers beyond home and work and offering a slightly higher price yet fine quality coffee, within 25 years, it had opened just over 1000 stores. In order to maintain its leadership position, Starbucks had continued pursuing growth opportunities by selling Starbucks products through mass distribution channels and expanding its retail footprint. Along with the rapid expansion and success, Starbucks has encountered financial downturn

Hookworm Dermatitis in Dogs Free Essays

Hookworm dermatitis is also called ancylostomiasis or uncinariasis dermatitis. Lesions occur as a result of the skin penetration of the third stage larvae of Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma spp. The larvae are located in the soil that the animals contact. We will write a custom essay sample on Hookworm Dermatitis in Dogs or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lesions are more often associated with Uncinaria stenocephala infestation. Uncinaria stenocephala rarely completes its life cycle by skin penetration, however, Ancylostoma spp can. The larvae enter the skin primarily at areas of scaling skin but, occasionally they may enter via hair follicles. Signs of Hookworm Dermatitis The condition is more frequently noticed in hookworm infested dogs that are housed on dirt runs with poor sanitation. Lesions are primarily located on the feet but, they may be seen on any area of the skin that contacts the ground. Erythematous papules are present initially but, chronically affected skin often becomes red, thickened and alopecic. The skin on the footpads often becomes thickened. The interdigital spaces may be red, and the feet may eventually become soft and spongy especially at the pad margins. The nails may grow faster, become deformed and in severe cases break off. Arthritis may be present. Itchiness is always present but it can vary in intensity. Animals are irritable and lick their feet. Diagnosis of Hookworm Dermatitis Pelodera dermatitis is considered a possible diagnosis when a dog kept outdoors on straw bedding has itchy, alopecic and crusting dermatitis on skin that is in contact with the ground. A positive fecal exam for hookworm eggs provides supporting evidence but does not confirm a diagnosis. Skin scraping is an easy, fast, inexpensive and reliable method for the diagnosis of Pelodera dermatitis. Treatment of Hookworm Dermatitis All affected and in-contact dogs should be given appropriate antihelminthic treatment and a prophylactic program should be started. Frequent removal of feces from the runs and kennels as well as improved sanitation should be performed. Therapy consists of routine worming with thiabendazole, fenbendazole, or levamizole and improving sanitation. Oral antibiotics were used in cases with confirmed or suspected concurrent bacterial infection. Since decaying organic matter is a typical habitat of P. strongyloides, removal of straw bedding from the kennel is imperative to allow successful medical treatment. Discarding moist or dirty bedding and replacing it with clean, dry bedding is the first step taken in treating our Pelodera dermatitis cases. How to cite Hookworm Dermatitis in Dogs, Papers

NEA emerges intact Congressional process is a tortuous path Essay Example For Students

NEA emerges intact: Congressional process is a tortuous path Essay The months of debate, the annual attempt by Sen. Jesses Helms (R-N.C.) to defund the agency, and a weeks-long delay in resolving Western land grazing rights may have seemed like deja vu, but they were in fact the elements of this years federal arts appropriation process. On Nov. 11, President Clinton finally signed the 1994 Interior Appropriations bill, which included $170.2 million for the National Endowment for the Arts. Marshaling the bill through Congress proved difficult without a chairman at the NEAs helm to drive the process (Jane Alexander was not confirmed until late September), and the leadership vacuumcombined with Congresss deficit-reduction concerns and ongoing NEA controversiesresulted in the lowest annual appropriation since 1989. After passing a House of Representatives vote in the summerwith a significant drop in appropriation from what the Administration had originally requestedthe bill moved slowly through the Senate, where the Senate Appropriations Committee restored one-half of the House cut. The Endowment was further endangered when Sen. Helms offered three amendments to the bill on the Senate floor in mid-Septemberone to kill the agency entirely, a second to eliminate grants to individual artists and restrict funding to institutions, and a third to direct 70 percent of the NEAs program budget to state arts agencies for distribution.Appropriations 1992-94The following chart compares appropriations for fiscal years 1992, 1993 and 1994 (all figures are in millions) for the National Endowment for the Arts, National Endowment for the Humanities and Institute for Museum Services. The NEA is not supporting the arts all across the nation in an equitable manner, Helms criticized. Rather, it is funneling most of the money to the big citieswhere it is often used to help impose or promote a liberal, immoral, pro-homosexual and perverse culture on the rest of the country.Despite Helmss attempts, all three amendments were defeated, and the bill was sent to a House-Senate conference committee where it finally emerged with the higher, Senate-approved NEA budget of $170.2 million, which was viewed as a victory for the arts in such troubled times.At the same time, Sen. Helms announced a wait-and-see attitude about newly confirmed NEA chairman Alexander, promising a grace period of at least a year or so in which she can concentrate on upgrading the quality of art supported by the American taxpayers. But his promise was largely responsible for the stall in the Endowments reauthorizing legislation.The House of Representatives passed a two-year reauthorization bill in mid-October by a vote of 304 to 119. Two damaging amendments attached to the bill were handily defeated: the Crane Amendment to abolish the NEA, proposed by Rep. Philip Crane (R-Ill.) was retired by a 326 to 104 count, and an amendment offered by Rep. Robert Dornan (R-Calif.) to cut funding for the NEA, the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Institute for Museum Services by 40 percent was defeated 281 to 151. A third amendment to freeze NEA funding to any state that cut its state arts funding, authored by Rep. Steve Gunderson (R-Wisc.) and Rep. Louise Slaughter (D-N. Y.), passed by a voice vote. A surprise motion to send the reauthorization bill back to committee to address the issue of federal funds to undocumented workers, offered by Rep. Duke Cunningham (R-Calif. ), failed by a very narrow margin of 214 to 210, sending a clear signal about Congresss discomfort with undocumented workers and its dissatisfaction with the San Diego Art Rebate project in which $10 bills were distributed by artists to illegal Mexican workers.In early November, the Senate Labor and Human Resources Committee approved a reauthorization bill identical to the measure passed in the House, but Congress adjourned without taking up the bill for a full Senate vote. At press time, the two-year reauthorization was not expected to be brought to the Senate floor until late January.Legislation to preserve and stabilize nonprofit postal rates was signed into law by President Clinton in October, and the new rates went into effect Nov. .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b , .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b .postImageUrl , .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b , .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b:hover , .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b:visited , .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b:active { border:0!important; } .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b:active , .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3b836175d5c5c0585d78362022b28b5b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Describe and evaluate your rehearsal process Essay 21. The new law increases the third-class nonprofit postal rate by 23 percent over six years (at 3.87 percent per year)a considerable improvement over proposed 35-45 percent increases. Nonprofit third-class mail is now 8. 3 cents per piece, up from 8.1 cents for pre-sorted mail. New Faces at the NEANational Endowment for the Arts chairman Jane Alexander filled key administrative staff positions shortly after her own confirmation. In addition to naming Ana M. Steele senior deputy chairman, new appointments include Susan Clampitt, deputy chairman for programs; Scott Sanders, deputy chairman for public partnership; Richard Woodruff, congressional liaison; and Olive Mosier, director of policy, planning and research. They are joined by Alexander D. Crary in the newly created position of director of external affairs and White House liaison.Clampitt comes to the NEA after a 30-year career in the arts, holding curatorial and administrative positions at the Montclair Art Museum in New Jersey, the Museum of Modern Art in New York and the Bank Street College of Education. Sanders served as executive director of the South Carolina Arts Commission for 13 years. Woodruff worked for 13 years for Sen. Howard Metzenbaum (D-Ohio) as staff director and legislative director. Mosier served as executive vice president and chief operations officer of the National Assembly of Local Arts Agencies. Crary has been the lead Senate staffer on cultural policy for the past 15 years, working for Sen. Claiborne Pell (D-R.I.) on the Senate Subcommittee on Education, Arts and Humanities.Also, Karen Kay Christensen, formerly assistant general counsel at National Public Radio, was named NEA general counsel, and Ginny Terzano has been appointed director of public affairs, after four years as press secretary to the Democratic National Committee.

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration lab report Essay Example

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration lab report Paper This is an investigation of the effect of the intensity of light (photosynthesis) have on the rate of cellular respiration (measured as the number of oxygen bubbles). We will determine whether or not it is possible to examine the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration under controlled environmental conditions. We will show the effects, reactions, and relationship between photosynthesis and respiration, as well as demonstrate to you how the scientific method works. Hypothesis Upon completion of the investigation we will be able to determine if gas that will be produced with the intensity of light at different wattages. Materials and Methods The following methods were used to calculate the rate of photosynthesis: Measuring the uptake of CO, measuring the production of carbohydrates, and measuring the increase in dry mass. We will also measure the production of 02 the experiment in the experiment. Oxygen can be measured by counting the bubbles evolved from seaweed to measure the amount of gas produced by four different light intensities (25, 50, 75, and 100) measuring each different light intensities times three. Results or Outcome was able to determine the amount of gas produced by the four different light intensities. The more light, the faster the rate of photosynthesis. However, increased rate o photosynthesis only goes to a certain point. We will write a custom essay sample on Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration lab report specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration lab report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration lab report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer You would think hat the more intense the light the higher the rate, but there us a certain limit. Table 1: Rate of Photosynthesis Measured by the Number of Oxygen Bubbles Light Bulb Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average O watts 2 3 25 watts 7 4 5 50 watts 11 100 watts 12 13 Conclusion In conclusion, the outcome of this experiment was what I expected it to be. What I did not expect is when the intensity of light increased the rate of the photosynthesis only went up to a certain point. Assumed the more light the more photosynthesis, this investigation showed me differently.

lady lazarus Essay Example

lady lazarus Essay Example lady lazarus Essay lady lazarus Essay Lady Lazarus by Sylvia Plath Lady Lazarus is a poem by Sylvia Plath, which is about the three attempts of suicide of the narrator who corresponds to the poetess in many ways. And Lazarus is considered as a man, at the command of Jesus, who rises from the dead, in the Testament of the Bible. The poem starts by telling us that she had done it again. We do not know what this â€Å"it† is yet. In every decade, she manages to do this act that we do not know what it is about. The narrator sees herself as a walking miracle and describes it with a bright skin, a paperweight right foot and a face looks like Jew linen. She speaks to an unidentified enemy and says that her â€Å"sour breath will vanish in a day†. We see that she compares herself to a victim of Holocaust and states that she is 30 years old and like a cat, she has nine lives. Later on we understand that â€Å"it† connotes to dying, but she keeps returning to life again and again like a cat. In her first atte mpt to suicide, it was an accident she says, and the second one was intentional. She did not expect to return from it. She thinks â€Å"dying† is an art -like everything else- and believes that she does it well. It is like a theatrical event for her and thinks that everyone comes to see her doing it. In fact, it seems like she’s performing the third suicide in front of a crowd (which she explains â€Å"peanut-crunching crowd†) in a place which seems like a circus. Then she thinks that she has been burning to death in a crematorium in Concentration Camp. At the end of the poem she warns â€Å"Herr God† and â€Å"Herr Lucifer† to beware, because she is going to rise again from the ash and â€Å"eat men like air†. This poem of Plath’s is so dark and full of death imageries. It is estimated that this poem could be an autobiography because she is known for her suicidal acts, and she had committed suicide by sticking her head in a gas oven shortly after writing this poem. The

HP's strategic choices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

HP's strategic choices - Essay Example In the process of discussing the major accomplishments and failures made by Florina, the student will evaluate her decision-makings and the effectiveness of her strategic choices in terms of being able to cut down the operational costs of HP. One of the business strategies that Florina implemented together with the company’s business executives is not to reward employees their annual bonuses in case they fail to meet their profit target each year. (Information Gatekeepers, 2002) Even though holding on employees’ bonuses could save the company a large sum of money at the end of the year, this strategy could de-motivate some of deserving employees within the business organization. Given the fact that some of HP employees were disappointed with the top management’s decision not to release their annual bonuses, the work performance of HP employees may suffer. Back in 2002, Florina was behind the actual merger that has occurred between HP and Compaq Computer. Aside from the fact that merger between the two companies could result to cutting down its operational costs through economies of scale as it increases the market opportunity on the part of HP, some analysts have argued that it was a mistake to pursue the merger between the two companies since this strategy made HP lost some portion of its market shares in some areas. (LaMonica, 2005) Upon analyzing the situation, it is possible for HP to lose some of its market share in certain areas when the top management fails to develop a single organizational goal and business objectives which could align the employees coming from the two separate companies. When there is a miscommunication or internal conflict arising between the two groups of employees, there is a higher possibility for the quality of HP products to decrease due to miscommunication and other technical errors. One of the best ways of maintaining the competitiveness of HP in the global

Security Intelligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Security Intelligence - Essay Example The powerful intelligence agency of United States, Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) was "created in order to encourage competitive analysis within the intelligence community and to ensure that policy makers did not tailor intelligence to suit their interests."2 An intelligence agency's function is to offer an international clandestine capability to endorse and protect economic well-being of a nation and to protect from internal turmoil. Historians have only recently begun to investigate the role of intelligence and intelligence services in the formation and implementation of political, military, and economic policies which enrich, in many cases change, our understanding of personalities, events and decision making process.3 An analysis of the history of intelligence agencies reveals that there were many instances of involvement in democratic infringement activities. In the words of John McDermott "the CIA, which insisted that the US engage itself in a major way in Vietnam in spite o f the coolness of the State Department and considerable opposition in the Pentagon"4 is a fine example of repressive activities of intelligence agencies that misguided government to engage in a futile exercise in Vietnam. It is necessary to put check and balance on intelligence agencies for successful existence of democratic nations and also to archive records of regression to have a clear picture to future generation. Instruments of repression: The specifically created instruments of repressive institutions include 1) intelligence services; 2) paramilitary bodies; 3) special tribunals; 4) concentration camps; 5) special prisons; and 6) psychiatric centres for re-education. After Second World War the repressive institutions, over the period of 1974-1994, includes Brazil, Chile, Germany, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Russia, South Africa, Spain and Zimbabwe. "Among the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, which had been within the orbit of the Soviet Union since the Second World War, in a world divided by the Cold War, there began a process, starting in Poland, which would culminate in the 1990s with the total collapse of the existing political structures, the most symbolic element of this process was the fall of the Berlin Wall and the German re-unification. In parallel with these European developments, another unstoppable process of demolition of repressive political regimes began in Latin Amer ica to discard conservative military dictatorships. African continent also saw the end after a period of prolonged struggle."5The documents of repression are part of the patrimony of the people. They must be preserved in their integrity, serving as a memento of intolerance, racism, and political totalitarianism. Analysing the documents of primary repressive institutions reveals the political violence perpetrated on the people and the process of transition to democracy and necessity to exercise individual rights: amnesty, indemnity, pensions, and general civil rights in the new political situation. Records available with police or intelligence agencies will help evaluate an individual's personal, family or

Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)+Multi-objective analysis or Essay

Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)+Multi-objective analysis or indicators - Essay Example Therefore it is a key factor contributing to project success. Nevertheless, procurement strategy selection decisions have been mostly judgmental, and hence subject to biases of the decision-maker. In this respect, the need to have a more objective and systematic selection model is self-evident. Developing a model for procurement selection is therefore of strategic importance and several leading research works have been reported (Masterman and Gameson, 84; Skitmore and Marsden, 121; Love et al., 221). This paper reports a study conducted in Hong Kong on the development of a procurement selection model based on multi-attribute utility technology (MAUT). The robustness of the model is enhanced with the use of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the importance weightings for the selection criteria. The proposed method seeks to improve the objectivity of the procurement selection process by utilizing the expertise of industrial experts to determine the utility factors. The analytical hierarchy process is used also to determine the importance weightings of the selection criteria. When construction clients face the problem of selecting a procurement method for a project, the clients’ previous experience plays an influential role. As well as the degree of subjectivity, the decision is complicated by the multitude of decision criteria and options available. The nature of the problem fits nicely with multi-attribute utility technology (Edwards, 3; Green, 1992). MAUT is a methodology that can be used as a tool for measuring objectivity in an otherwise subjective area of management (Fellows et al., 27). MAUT is considered to be appropriate as it enables the integration of both the effects of the priority rating and the utilities derived from the respective procurement options. The approach involves first assigning a rating to each of the selection criteria. The ratings are then applied to the utilities derived from a particular procurement method against

Ryanair Analysis of Strengths and Weaknesses

Ryanair Analysis of Strengths and Weaknesses Michael Porter defines Strategy as a combination of the goals for which the firm is striving and the means and policies by which it is seeking to get there. According to him the Strategy is about competitive position, about differentiating yourself from the point of view of the customer, about adding value through a mix of activities different from those used by competitors. Kenneth Andrews defines Corporate strategy as the pattern of decisions in a company that determines and reveals its objectives, purposes, or goals, produces the principal policies and plans for achieving those goals, and defines the range of business the company is to pursue, the kind of economic and human organization it is or intends to be, and the nature of the economic and non-economic contribution it intends to make to its shareholders, employees, customers, and communities.. Background Currently, the commercial world and its borders are changing more rapidly with regard of terms of size and speed. Travelling all around the world is no longer a luxury but a requirement for many of the population. In the past only rich people could afford to travel, in nowadays with the increasing movement of the technology, students as well as people with average profits can benefit. Due to this fact, in the past decades the number of airlines worldwide has been increasing significantly and respectively in early70s a new type emerged for the first time in the U.S.: the low cost airlines. The first low cost airline was Southwest Airlines which began operations in 1971 and was profitable only in 1973 (Oliveira and Huse, 2008). After twenty years after the Americans (Beigbeder, 2007) due to the fact of the deregulation of European skies in early 1990s, the phenomenon appeared in Europe. One of the first low-cost airlines which emerged was Ryanair (Ireland) and Easy Jet (UK) and they keep being still among the most active on the market. Companys history, development, and growth Ryanair is one of the Worlds favorite airlines and operates more than 1,400 flights per day from 44 bases and 1100+ low fare routes across 27 countries, connecting 160 destinations. Ryanair operates a fleet of 250 new Boeing 737-800 aircraft with firm orders for a further 64 new aircraft which will be delivered over the next 2 years (www.ryanair.com). Ryanair is a innovator among LCA (Low Cost Airline) companies in Europe. They were among the first and they are still today the most active LCA on the continent. This business is increasing fast and from the beginning has passed through very significant phases. Ryanair was founded in 1985 by the Ryan family in Ireland. In 1988 and during only one year due to financial losses, the company launches a business class service and a frequent flyer club for customers, neither of which prove particularly successful. This change has meant that Ryanair has changed its generic strategy. Indeed, the company since the early 90s pursuing a cost strategy. Ryanair now offers the lowest fares in every market, high frequency flights, moving to a single aircraft fleet type, scrapping free drinks and expensive meals on board. These decisions have significantly reduced ticket prices for customers. In order to reduce again costs, Ryanair decided also to narrow down traveling lines from 19 to 6 routes between 1990 and 1992. With this new policy the Irish firm carry over 1 million passengers in one year for the first time in 1993. On 29th May 1997 Ryanair becomes a public company for the first time with a successful flotation on the Dublin and NASDAQ (New York) St ock Exchanges. In March 1999, Ryanair accepts the delivery of five new Boeing 737-800 series aircraft. Those new aircrafts began operations from the main base at London Stansted, and their impact allowed Ryanair to operate with significantly lower seat costs and to offer much lower airfares, but with better reliability and a fantastic new customer product (www.ryanair.com). Communication between customers and the company is always a priority. In 2000, Ryanairs website (www.ryanair.com) became the largest booking website in Europe with more than 50.000 bookings each week. This source of information allows also customers to avail of the lowest car hire, hotel accommodation, travel insurance and rail services. At that time, Ryanair was the only LCA which developed interactive useful internet services for customers. Ryanair was in 2003 in the category most popular brand the fifth most searched website in the world (http://www.google.com/intl/en/press/zeitgeist2003.html). The Irish airline became also the first LCA to sponsor a program on television in order to gained more customers. The company decided to sponsor Skynews Weather reports. Following this effort in communication, 1 million people traveled for the first time in during a month with Ryanair in august 2001. According to R. OBrian (mail communication, 15 April 2009) in order to be closer to custome rs, they build also the first continental base at Brussels Charleroi Airport in Belgium between 2001 and the end of 2002. In 2002, the company selected Frankfurt Hahn as the second Continental European base and launched in April with 10 routes. German customers flock in their millions to avail of the lowest air fares to and from Frankfurt according to J. Meier (personal communication, 15 April 2009). To accommodate this growth, Ryanair announced the largest ever aircraft order by an Irish airline by increasing their aircraft order with Boeing from 45 to 125 firm aircraft, with a further 125 options. The value of this order exceeds à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 6 billion and signals Ryanairs ambition to continue to be the largest LCA in Europe. Ryanair became also the number one in Europe of customer services beating all other European airlines for punctuality, fewer cancellations and least lost bags (www.ryanair.com). Meanwhile according to the company respondent communications to customers have not stopped. In 2004, Ryanair is named the most popular airline on the web by Google, as the website continues to be the most searched travel one in Europe. These performances continued and now more than 98% of all Ryanair bookings are made through the website and Internet customer services. During 2005 and 2006, Ryanair used communication tools in order to try to be different from other airlines for customers. First, they made a big communication called no fuel surcharge guarantee. Following the statements by the respondents , this was a new communication for customers because many full service airlines such as British airways, Air France or Lufthansa continue even today to supplement already high fares fuel with surcharges in case of extra costs. Second, Ryanair became The Worlds Favorite Airline because they carried more customers than British Airways and all other airline and LCA firms. Third, Ryanair was and is still the most punctual company in Europe with more than 90% of flights who arrived on time and respect schedules. Many radio advertising were made with this information. Finally, in order to attract new customers, they offered 100.000 seats for 1à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ for the 20th birthday of the Irish brand. From 2006 until now, a new customer service was launched . According to the respondent This is a web check-in service giving passengers the opportunity to check-in online across Ryanairs entire route network. The company is also the first airline worldwide to carried more than 5 million travelers in a month and created plan for a new customer service: onboard mobile. For the moment, Ryanair has 830 low fare routes all around Europe and across 26 different European countries. They produced customer services from their 31 European bases. Ryanair currently has a team of more than 8,000 people and expects to carry approximately 73.5 million passengers in the current fiscal year (www.ryanair.com). Strategy Ryanair strategy remains the same from the beginning of the 90s and since then it continues to act as the European LCA leader and continues the expansion in order to attract more customers. Ryanair aims to offer low fares that generates increased passengers traffic while maintaining a continuous focus on cost-containment and operating efficiencies (Ryanairs annual report from 2008). Business Model Full Service : Low Cost: Using HubSpoke network, Congestion during peak hours Delay of only a few inbound flights Will spill over across large portions of the network Low average daily utilization of aircraft, higher costs per seat mile Enormous transaction costs Complex fare structure Non-stop point-to-point services High seating density and load factors, Uniform aircraft types (usually the 737-300) Direct booking (internet/call centre no sales commissions) No frills such as free food/drinks, lounges or air miles Simple systems of yield management (pricing) Use of secondary airports to cut charges and turnaround times The main components of their strategy are low fares, customer services, frequent point-to-point flights on short-haul routes, low operating costs, high maintaining productivity, high personnel productivity, low customers costs, airport access fees, taking again a better advantage of Internet in order to serve the customer, commitment to safety and quality maintenance, enhancement of operating results and ancillary services and focused criteria or objectives for growth (Ryanairs annual report from 2008). Passengers may trade-off price savings against service reductions but anyway Ryanairs market success shows that the product/price trade-off is broadly in line with customers requirements so far. One of the key to the success of Ryanair was that they adopted the decision to build a powerful brand and as an example in 2003 the company was declared the fifth most searched website in the world. This confirms Gilbert ´s (1996) assumptions that branding is becoming increasingly important when it comes to product differentiation. In the case of LCA`s building brand recognition can be seen as another effective tool to be prepared for the competitive environment. These assumptions will be tightened through the argumentation by O ´Connelly and Williams (2005) that for LCA ´s who are offering a strong alternative to full service airlines it is from special relevance to build a strong brand around the company, but with the addition of customer loyalty and satisfaction. During the years the airline has stated clearly the product and stayed rigidly to that model with over 180 routes and 17 bases. In order to maintain the low fares the company has decided to eliminate the amount of travel agents and marketing costs and to sell tickets per internet. This strategic decision had a positive impact and as a result the number of the customers has increased because the clients prefer to avoid the agency and to check, compare and buy the tickets themselves. Since the implementation of internet booking in 2000, passenger numbers has grown rapidly. The growth rate increased from 15,7% (in 1999) to 30,7% (in 2000) and to over 40 % in the following years. Ryanair stimulated the passenger growing by focusing on price and not on service. Thinking on long terms this can arouse problems when another new airline enters the market and this may adversely affect Ryanair`s market share and profitability. This assumption is mainly based on statement by Lawton (1999) where it is said that just having the focus on one strategy, for instance price leadership, will be unsustainable in the future. Mainly driven by the Ryanair will to expand it is certain to sustain its competitive advantage by setting the focus secondary. While the rate of price reduction in air fares charged by low cost airlines is likely to moderate the passenger demand for the Ryanair product is likely to remain high. Ryanair clearly satisfies the markets demand which indicates that the strong price reducing strategy attracts a high number of customers. We can suppose that this fact will remain the same as far as the clients dont change their preferences and their necessities, as long as they want just to move from one point to another and nothing more. The clients tend to keep and select the low cost airline especially for the low cost services provided by them. However the Ryanair is not really focused in the relations with the customers and are counting every penny in order to maintain them on the market. To give you anecdotal case experience I had with Ryanair: one of my Ryanair flight was cancelled so I ended with no communications at all, no change of the ticket, no accommodation provided. Writing numerous letters to Ryanair didnt get me not even a reply and only after writing to the European Commissions for Air Passengers Rights after 3 years Ive got my money back. The conclusion is that what is really important for the company is to keep the low cost as low as possible, no matter what is takes. Otherwise Ryanair could even however face the problem of cost cutting itself out of the market. What counts to the customers is to obtain fair services in direct rapport with the fair prices. The focus that Ryanair need to be focus is the importance of relationship building with its customers, otherwise it may risk losing its position. In case that the airline is capable to unite the low price with a special network of customer fidelity, only then the competitive advantage can be obtained. Strategies could be influenced directly by the numbers of travellers. According to the history of the Ryanair, in its initial stages the company wasnt very effective and after introducing the hard discount pricing strategy the firm became really successful and attractive for the clients. Companys internal strengths and weaknesses SWOT Analysis Strengths Low Cost Pioneer First in cost reductions 1stmover advantage Strong Brand Established market share Variety of supplementary services Weaknesses Week relations with customers Unpredictable customer relations Poor relations between employees Refused to recognize unions Reliance on Michael OLeary Unfriendly connection with competitors Opportunities Continuing development Advanced fee decreasing EU growth Traveller Destinations Rapidly developing competition New low cost entrants Alliance/Mergers between rivals Threats Industry criticism Alternative transportation(cars, trains) External environnement Analyzing the external environment we can define 4 categories of external factors that influence the strategy of Ryanair. Political and legal: Have an increased Trade-Union pressure, EU abolishment of Duty-free Sales, EU expansion Advertising and Marketing Campaigns Economic: Continuously price growth of fuel Depreciation of US dollars EU Commissions Decisions regarding: communication with passengers, cancelled passenger compensation, overbooking, getting illegal subsidies from airports. Sociocultural: The developing of new style of living by travelling, increasing demand of business with require travelling Increasing of new high-speed trains, better cars and other ways of travelling Technological: With Internet, and all the IT technology, everything is much simple you can book, cancel, buy easily a ticket wherever you like Competitors Ryanair now has a number of low-cost competitors. In 2004, approximately 60 new low-cost airlines were formed. Although traditionally a full-service airline, Aer Lingus moved to a low-fares strategy from 2002, leading to a much more intense competition with Ryanair on Irish routes. AirBerlin wich uses a Business model -instead of point to point connections, it offered guaranteed connections via its hubs, low fare alliances. Another new competitor is BNIBaby a subsidiary of BMI British Midband and leading low cost carriers in the Midlands and Nothern England. Alos is FlyBE which has an incorporated aspect of budget airline model. Airlines which attempt to compete directly with Ryanair are treated competitively, with Ryanair being accused by some of reducing fares to significantly undercut their competitors. In response to MyTravelLite, who started to compete with Ryanair on the Birmingham to Dublin route in 2003, Ryanair set up competing flights on some of MyTravelLites routes until they pulled out. Go was another airline which attempted to offer services from Ryanairs base at Dublin to Glasgow and Edinburgh in Scotland. A fierce battle ensued, which ended with Go withdrawing its service from Dublin. [Quinn, Eamonn. No competitors for Ryanair in Dublin, says Cassani, 30 November 2003, at Tcm.ie. Retrieved 18 December 2006.] Ryanairs biggest competitor is EasyJet, announced routes to the Republic of Ireland for the first time, beginning with the Cork to London Gatwick route. Until then, EasyJet had never competed directly with Ryanair on its home ground. [Mulligan, John. Ryanair wins judicial review of decision over Knock route, 10 September 2008 at Independent.ie] External Analysis Porters Five Forces Threat of new Entrants Medium Is somehow affected by new comers in the market Suppliers Bargaining Power Low Industry Competitors Competition Among existing Firms High There are several strong competitors fighting for the same clients. Buyers Bargaining Power Low Threat Of Substitute Products Medium There is a living style that makes EU people to travel during the weekend with, buses, cars, caravans, trails Ryanair Competitive Advantage In nowadays the company tries to position itself by providing a strong brand on the market and obtaining a good reputation. Driven by this, company has to adapt each time to the condition of the market following strategies that can improve their competitiveness. These include cost leadership, differentiation, focused cost leadership and integrated cost leadership/differentiation. Ryanair restructured the model and they moved from conventional airline to the first European low fare. At the beginning it provided services only between Ireland and the UK. At the end of 1990 in spite of the increasing in clients, Ryanair faced losses of 20 mln IR pounds. At this period of time and directed by Michael OLeary the company decides to adopt the model of successful American Southwest Airlines. The problems encountered at this stage were that, Ryanair tried to concentrate and on costs and also on focus. At this stage, the competitors can invade the market, and without a proper strategy the compa ny cannot position themselves on a segment and survive. So they choose to go for Cost Leadership which proved to be a right choice. So how they do that: Fleet Standardization The company uses the most sold and used planes from the world Boeing 737. Maintenance costs are low, spares parts are chip and because of this, the Ryanair is capable to keep the low prices, New Aircrafts, Owns Own Fleet, Operations Denominated in Euro, Hedge Fuel Risk Airport Charges The company chose to avoid main airports and to use secondary or regional airport but closed to big cities, and respectively these airport charge lower taxes Limited Airport Transportation Employees and Productivity The company provides lower employment costs, but the staff can earn more money based on their performance Model Online Bookings, One Class Travel, Ticketless Boarding, Unallocated Seats, Point-to-Point Flying, No Frills, Reduced Turnaround Times, No Refund Policy Outsourcing of Services The company uses the third part services such as aircraft handling, ticketing. Highly Successful Ancillary Service Offering, Outsourcing of Services at International Airports, Marketing and Advertising The companys promoting is basically in newspaper, radio, television and their web site Advertising on Airplanes, In-house Marketing Basic Service on board Offers minimum standards of service and very low prices for point-to point short have flights, no extra such as in flight meals, advance seat assignment, free drinks and other services. Eliminating seatback pockets, No blankets or pillows, Airsickness bags distributed on request, Charges larger penalties for overweight luggage This strategy was a success and by 1997, Ryanair was floated on the Dublin Stock Exchange and on NASDAQ. Expansion strategy is another factor that enables Ryanair to position itself in the marketplace. The company has been known to be an airline which launches new routes since its operation begins. In addition, under the expansion strategy, company acquires Buzz in February 26, 2003. Such acquisition enables Ryanair to gain immediate access to11 new French regional airports and makes the company the largest airline operating at London Stansted Airport. In addition, the company continues to expand by opening two new Continental European bases with low-fare flights from Milan Bergamo and Stockholm. In the year, 2003, the company has been able to launch 73 new routes and carry over 2 million passengers in one month (July). In addition, the company website has been able to make the company position itself in the global market. Corporate Strategy High Global Strategy Transnational Strategy Low International Strategy Multidomestic strategy Low High Future of Ryainair Cutting costs: Race to bottom Ryanair, the Worlds favorite airline, today (9th  July) launched an online poll to ask if   passengers would stand on short flights if it meant they could travel for FREE, or pay 50% less than seated passengers.  Ryanair is gauging passenger demand for its vertical seating which will allow passengers to travel for free in a secure upright position on short flights of approximately one hour. Source:http://www.ryanair.com/site/EN/news.php?yr=09month=julstory=gen-en-090709 Ryanairs Future Plans, Cutting the costs, No Window Blinds , No Reclining Seats, Leather Seats , Velcro Headrests , Carry-on Luggage Profit enhancement Satellite Television , Internet On-board , Rented In-flight entertainment Future plans Free tickets. In a decade or so, airlines will pay travellers to distribute people around Europe. The airline industry is Tesco, is Ikea, is network TV in the way viewers watch for free and advertisers Pay for access to them, is the internet in the same way that websites earn money for delivering click-through traffic or other sites. Michael OLeary ,Chief Executive Officer of the Irish airline Ryanair Issues at Ryanair Risks and Challenges Extra capacity building would create certaintly about the success of new routes and locations Fuel Prices Vulnerable to rising fuel prices Represents 35 % of the operating costs Compensation to passengers Regulation by the European Union Terrorism and security Added risks and Costs to the industry Expand into Central and Eastern Europe Continue aggressive acquisition Overhaul the customer service Internet ticketing Develop the smaller operating base Increase the ancillary revenues-focus on after sales Future Conclusion Despite the fact that Ryanair is tied to low cost policy and doesnt care about the loyalty of the clients, the relations with the Clients, the service and with bad experience with them, the customers and myself will keep to buy their services, yes we will get the basic service but is cheap, is easy and after the exams I will fly with them in Portugalia. Ryanair rapid growth is due to: Low cost Airline Business Model that restructured European Aviation Industry Pioneer innovative cost reduction methods Creative alternative revenue generation free flights goal in next phase evolution Value segments consist of travellers interested to optimize comfort, time and price. This would mean a requirement for city-centric airports, and comfortable departure times. Competitors are catering to value market segment and have established slots at some primary airports, furthermore provide cost effective basic services. Acquisition of a similar airline would enhance expansion into value-orientated market segments without comprising its top position in the low-price segment. The key challenge for Ryanair in the next few years therefore is developing a successful strategy for not only winning the war in Low Price segment but acquiring solid position in the Value Segment and in new non-European markets. 5. ReferencesBelfast Telegraph. Finance crisis good for

Fighting Kerry Keenan :: Film Movies

Fighting Kerry Keenan Theme: This film is loosely based on the story of Lola Bardem, who as a student at Sarah Lawrence college was convicted of killing her lover and roommate, Sara Shield with a compound bow. Lola, an All-American archer, and three time cover-model for Sports Illustrated was the defendant in the case brought against her by the victim's family. The case, which I'm sure we all remember was important for many reasons, not only due to the strange nature of Sara's death, but also for the evidence brought against, and in support of Lola, including issues concerning her upbringing in a low-income neighborhood, her sexual orientation, and her gender. Although Lola's case has been closed for almost five years now, the ramifications of the suit are still being felt. Since then, many of the nations colleges and universities have cut funding for sports that are considered "out-dated" and "dangerous", although many traditional sports like football, ice-hockey, track and field, and sailing still continue to receive a large sum of funding—often being cited as sports that are associated with the identity of the school, and therefore untouchable due to pressure from alums and television networks that broadcast the games nationally. However, and perhaps more importantly, the film will mainly be concerned with the case itself, and the uproar it caused in the media. Protagonists: For our purposes, Lola's name has been changed to Kerry. Although the film is ultimately constructed temporally along the events of Kerry's case, the main protagonist is an 18 year old high school senior named Darby Brennan, who is at the time of the case is being pursued by elite universities to join their basketball team. The news that we as viewers gather about the case is filtered to us through Darby's perspective. Although initially naà ¯ve with respect to the world of competitive women's sports, Darby's experience watching the case ultimately influences her decision about playing sports in college. Other than her testimony, Kerry herself doesn't have much of a main part. Rather, it is the media's portrayal of Kerry's case that occupies much of the narrative, and should lead the viewer to question the portrayal of women in sports. Often scenes in the movie will be filmed to give the viewer the feeling of being the audience of news telecasts. However, in order to emphasize narrative perspective, Darby will often comment on the information we receive, questioning how her own life could possibly be construed by the media, and her own activities misinterpreted in the interest of television ratings.

Infant mortality rates and importance of them

When studies measuring America ‘s wellness attention are released, many articles place heavy accent on infant mortality rates and its analysis. These studies are straight measured with a state ‘s health-care development, demoing betterments in surgical processs or a interruption in advanced engineering. About every state in the universe, including the U.S. and European states, takes careful consideration of its infant mortality rate when mensurating its ain wellness attention system or puting their informations on the universe phase for international comparings. Infant mortality rates, of import pieces of statistical information to a state, have prompted inquiries of whether a individual set of Numberss validly assesses a state ‘s overall health care quality or simply serves as an undependable step taken excessively critically. Infant mortality rates provide undependable statistical informations chiefly due to a deficiency of standardised steps in entering infant deceases across states, ensuing in misdirecting information. Assorted states throughout the universe define baby mortality otherwise, which Jonathan Cohn describes as â€Å" rough steps † ( Hogberg ) . Some states consider any baby who â€Å" breathes or shows any grounds of life † feasible as referenced in the Demographic Yearbook [ 1 ] 2002, and others â€Å" must be at least 30 centimetres long † to be considered life as stated by Nicholas Eberstadt ( Hogberg ) . Because of alone measurings across states, Country A may hold its infant mortality rate elevated or lowered significantly in relation to Country B criterions. For illustration, Country A, with an infant mortality rate of 2.7, counts every mark of life as a unrecorded birth. State B, with an infant mortality rate of 5.8, counts merely babies weighing over 500 gms at birth, ensuing in a larger tallied figure of deceases. If Country A were to set to Country B ‘s criterions, it would most likely produce a higher mortality rate. Without a consistent system, both infant mortality rates and rankings are well skewed. Due to an unorganised system of infant decease enrollment, states including New Zealand and Australia are prone to losing informations, and some exclude â€Å" babies who die shortly after birth † from their informations wholly ( Hogberg, MacDorman, and Matthews ) . Underreporting consequences from these undependable patterns, unwittingly casting the image of a state with a higher quality health care. Some of the top grade European states could be every bit low as the United States, or the United States itself could lift to the upper tierce. Without a standardised system, the truth of universe health care rankings is peculiarly questionable. Erratic studies, eventful from mendacious variables, send messages that do non effica ciously mensurate a health care system. Infant mortality rates reflect socioeconomic factors of the state more than the quality of its health care straight. The rates normally reflect the â€Å" obscure†¦ prevailing broad disparities among racial groups † ; statistics from the Department of Health and Services show the correlativity between infant mortality and ethnicity ( â€Å" The U.S. Health † ) . As of 2008, African Americans have an infant mortality rate of 13.6 out of every thousand births ; Whites, 5.66 out of every thousand births ( Blue ) . The present racial disparity links to the disadvantages of minority groups such as changing life conditions, ineffectual fiscal assistance, and deficiency of proper antenatal instruction. Without proper antenatal instruction, female parents lack cognition in caring for their kids decently earlier, during, and after construct. Depending on the regional countries in which these minority groups settle, entree to health care may besides be limited, impacting the attention of babies. Financial issues in a state once more indicate a relationship to the infant mortality rate. Research from the University of Maine studies that â€Å" Denmark and Germany have wellness systems which are really just in fiscal parts to the system, [ but ] other states such as the U.S. have really unjust systems of wellness funding † ( â€Å" The U.S. Health † ) . Denmark and Germany, both extremely industrialised European states, item significantly lower infant mortality rates than the United States, which coincidently besides spends the most in health care. Fiscal factors do non play a important function in the health care system itself, but more on the authorities policies sing a state ‘s fiscal distribution. Most issues point towards a state ‘s socioeconomic issues instead than its health care related jobs upon measuring an overpoweringly big analysis on infant mortality rates. On the other manus, infant mortality rates can rede a state sing the way of its health care focal point. One of the more discussed grounds for the United States holding a higher mortality rate is that many doctors think the United States are concentrating more on handling issues, instead than forestalling them ( Park 48 ) . This observation serves as an of import index to the focal point of the United States ; the quality of the United States ‘ wellness attention may be earnestly undermined, and the betterment of the state ‘s health care is slowed by the clash of misdirected focal point. Because of the error doctors are doing by seeking to bring around a deceasing babe instead than forestalling the mortal state of affairs ab initio, American baby mortality rates are unreasonably in the lower tierce of industrialised state rankings. The United States, honored as the richest and most powerful state in the universe, faces embarrassment in an cryptically low ranking in an cou ntry in which it is expected to stand out. Relatively high baby mortality rates points the U.S. in a way to increase its attempts in a new visible radiation. Datas studies from the CIA reveal a correlativity between infant mortality rate and the figure of doctors per 1000 people, which show an norm of 337 physicians in European states with an infant mortality rate of less 4.5 and the United States with 256 physicians with an infant mortality rate of 6.26m ( The World Factbook ) . A lurid deficit of doctors in the United States should dismay Americans who need to switch their current wellness focal point to supplying more physicians. Mothers may non be having equal attention from accoucheurs or babies may be treated with sloppiness by baby doctors because a work deficit may non let a doctor to supply the focal point and personal attention to every patient. Infant mortality rates are of import indexs to direct the focal point of a state sing the betterment of its health care. Inadequa te systems of entering infant deceases greatly hamper the credibleness of publically reported informations used to rank the quality of a state ‘s health care. Another country where baby mortality plays a function in health care is finding the effectivity of a state ‘s medical engineerings and interventions. Alice Park in a wellness issue of TIME magazine studies that some adult females â€Å" take advantage of generative engineerings [ that ] cause opportunities of multiple births, which in bend addition the likeliness of premature birth † ( Park 47 ) . Premature birth additions infant mortality to a unsafe extent, given the fact that premature babies will have undeveloped lungs and encephalons. Since premature births are increased, the information points towards unproductive medical engineerings, which threaten the province of a state ‘s overall health care quality. Premature births are besides caused by birthrate interventions taking to multiple births, ensuing in early cesarian subdivisions ( Stobbe ) . The impractical nature of these birthrate interventions basically represents an barbarian intervention system, which in bend affects the overall methods of intervention of the full health care construction. Infant mortality rates in the United States did non demo a considerable lessening until the development of inoculations against diseases aiming babies ( Park 42 ) . Unlike the old fortunes, this state of affairs proves that the success of ground-breaking engineering dramatically increased the quality of the state ‘s health care. Specified to the efficaciousness of a state ‘s medical engineerings and interventions, infant mortality rates provide intelligent grounds of the quality of a health care system. Infant mortality rates are normally used to measure a state ‘s overall health care position. I, nevertheless, do non believe that rankings of states ‘ infant mortality rates are valuable indexs. While the informations may supply some penetration into delivering methods, antenatal attention, and postpartum attention, most surveies clearly illustrate that causes of infant mortality are non entirely medically based. In fact, most causes of infant mortality are economically and socially based ; hence, infant mortality rankings have merely a modest cogency in verifying the makings of a state ‘s wellness attention. Upon analysing demographic informations, entree to wellness attention is conspicuously dependent on environmental factors, such as where one lives ( Meckel 281 ) . By comparing population maps to healthcare entree charts, it is evident that there is a way relationship between countries with higher population densenesss and higher health care entree. Cities with big populations show a big contrast in racial disparity versus infant mortality rates, in which African Americans and Native Americans have higher rates than White persons, but both Hispanics and Asians have lower infant mortality rates. The causes for the disparities are identical, which makes infant mortality rates a faulty agencies of analyzing health care. Some variables involved in cut downing infant mortality rates over the decennaries included a higher criterion of life, antenatal instruction, and teenage gestation instruction ( Meckel 281 ) . These factors show no relevance towards health care. The lessening in infant mortality in this instance was the effects of social reforms and non actions covering with the overall health care system. In my sentiment, the system of computation baby mortality rates confronts the most upsetting job: Measurements are incompatible. It is unlogical to compare uncustomary statistics and utilize it to knock a state ‘s quality of health c are. In order to efficaciously rank a state ‘s wellness attention quality, and finally its system, accent demands to be placed on more information pertaining as closely to the health care itself without outlying factors. Infant mortality rates appear with excessively much gravitation in every health care analysis study. Infant mortality rates serve as highly of import statistical information ; nevertheless, less weight could be placed on the rates itself sing the rankings of healthcare quality. Alternatively, infant mortality rates can be analyzed to better socioeconomic issues within society. [ 1 ] A aggregation of demographic statistics assembled by experts internationally and published by the United Nations for the usage of economic experts, demographists, etc.

Social Templates Are The Best Way To Schedule Dozens Of Messages In 5 Easy Minutes [New Feature] - CoSchedule Blog

Social Templates Are The Best Way To Schedule Dozens Of Messages In 5 Easy Minutes [New Feature] Blog What if you could schedule more social messages without experiencing the tedious process? And what if you could write a variety of awesome messages to automatically fill up your social media schedule without spending time copying and pasting your messages? And what if you could reuse your work  as a template  for the next time you want to schedule social messages? Well, if you could do all of that, youd schedule dozens of social messages in a few easy minutes.  And that would  help you share more to social media and  get a lot more traffic without losing your valuable time on repetitive tasks. In fact, you could schedule a huge variety of 60+ social messages to span out days, weeks, and even months in less than five  minutes to get you 200% more traffic.  At least, those are the results some have experienced with the latest feature in your social media editorial calendar with social templates.How  To Schedule Dozens Of #SocialMedia Messages In 5 Easy Minutes Anxious to see social templates in action? Watch the  demo webinar now! Introducing Social Templates- Eliminating The Tedious Process Of Manual Scheduling! Let me repeat that: Social templates will help you eliminate the tedious process of manual scheduling. Youll create the perfect social sharing plan, fine tune your messages for maximum engagement, and apply your reusable social template to any  blog post or piece of content on your editorial calendar. Heres a preview of how social templates will help you consistently share awesome messages in next to no time: Stop the busywork  by easily  creating a predefined social sharing plan you can reuse again and again. And  with the time you save, you can focus on creating exceptional content to build a loyal following. Schedule dozens of social media messages in bulk with reusable social templates. Youll share posts faster and drive more traffic to your blog in less time. Forget copying and pasting. Use social helpers to auto-fill your entire social queue so you can focus on crafting quality messages that increase user engagement and clickthroughs. Stay consistent with your social media schedule by pre-planning days, weeks, and months in advance with reusable social templates. Stay consistent with your #socialmedia schedule by pre-planning with reusable social templates.Sound good? Heres how to get started: Easily Add  Variety To Your Social  Messages To Share More Frequently Social helpers are a tool to help you  add more variety to your social media posting schedule so you can share more often without losing your followers. They have the added benefit of helping you avoid copying and pasting messages while making last-minute edits a breeze. Start by defining the types of messages youll send with tags,  then simply write your social message: Write  several messages in your social helpers to add some variety into your social media posting schedule: Social helpers help you reuse hashtags, messages, and images throughout your social queue without copying and pasting. And that alone  saves you from the tediousness of manual scheduling. Bonus  Tip: Since you can reuse social helpers in multiple messages, you can easily edit the social helper  once to  automatically update all of the messages that use that social helper. Schedule Your Messages  Without The Hassle Of Copying And Pasting Youre already used to  scheduling messages in your social queue to share your content  days, weeks, and even months from now. So follow that same process and use social helpers to add more variety into your social queue: Then, when youre done scheduling your social queue, simply save your hard work as a social template that you can reuse the next time you schedule social messages: Now you can reuse your social template for anything else youd like to share. That means you can use it for blog posts or any other standalone content. Or Create A Social Template From Scratch If youd rather not create a social queue for an existing blog post or piece of content, thats just fine! Simply start a new social template: Then  schedule your social queue in a brand new social template: Bonus Tip:  Create multiple social templates for specific use cases!  For example, create one for sharing new blog posts, another for your Twitter chat, and a third for the new e-book youre working on. There are no limits to how many social templates you can create! Reuse Your Social Template To Share Anything In A Few Easy  Minutes Now that youve built a social template, the easiest part is reusing it to share your content. Simply open a blog post or piece of content on your calendar and apply the social template you just created: Then take a few easy minutes to fill in your social helpers: When youre done filling in those, youll be set to share your  messages! The best part is that it only takes a  few minutes to fill up an entire social queue for days, weeks, and even months from now. Are You Ready To Eliminate The Manual Process Of Social Scheduling? Using social templates is the easiest  way to build a social media posting schedule  once and reuse it again and again. When you use this feature, youll save yourself a ton of time and youll effectively  remove the hassle of retyping your social messages hundreds of times. Start using social templates now with your 14-day free trial of .  This feature is available for all marketing, automation, and advanced calendars!

The eNotes Blog Scholarship Spotlight †August2015

Scholarship Spotlight – August2015 Every month, we  select some of the best scholarships around and post them here on our blog. When you are ready to apply,  check out our tips on How to Write a Scholarship Essay! Power Poetry Scholarship Amount: $1,000 Eligibility:  Applicant must be 25 years of age or younger and be a current or former high school student who will attend or is attending college within the U.S. or its territories. Requirements:  Add an original poem to Power Poetry by Friday, August 7, 2015. Youll need to  register as a member  of their community first.  Dont forget to share your poems on social media! Poems with 50 or more shares (which must be sent from the poem page on PowerPoetry) will be the ones the PowerPoetry team reads first! Due Date: August 7, 2015 To read more information directly,  click here! $1,000 Learn to Build an App Scholarship Amount: $1,000 Eligibility:  Applicants must be current or prospective college or graduate school students. Students of all majors may apply. Applicant should have an idea for a mobile application and must be at least 18 years old. Scholarship award can be used at any college to study any subject area or major. Winners will be selected at the end of each month. Requirements:  Create your Degreed profile and enroll in the Salesforce App Development pathway.  Create a FREE Developer Account on salesforce.com.  Start learning by following the learning materials in the Salesforce App Development pathway and accumulate points.  Whoever learns the most, as measured by your Degreed Score in the Salesforce Pathway, wins! In the case of a tie, your essay and broader Degreed profile will be considered to select the winner. Due Date: August 31, 2015 To read more information directly,  click here! Strobe  Law Scholarship Amount: $500 bi-yearly Eligibility:  In order to participate in the competition, an applicant must either be currently enrolled at an accredited college or university or be planning to enroll for the fall 2015 semester. In order to apply, applicants must write a 500-word essay on the following topic: According to a  study  conducted by the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute (VTTI), texting while driving doubled the risk of a crash or near-crash event and resulted in drivers taking their eyes off of the road for an average of 23 seconds. In response to these risks, many states have taken steps to limit or even prohibit the use of handheld devices, such as cellphone, while driving. These measures have been met with varying degrees of success. What types of legal penalties would you believe would effectively deter drivers from texting? Requirements: Essay. In order to apply, applicant should send their essays as an attachment to  stroblescholarship@gmail.com  by August 15, 2015. Applicants should also include the following information in the body of their email: Their full name, address, and phone number The college or university they are attending or plan to attend Their program of study A link to their Facebook, LinkedIn, or Google Plus profile Due Date: August 15, 2015 To read more information directly,  click here! Career Success  Scholarship Amount: $1,000 Eligibility:  Any current college student of an accredited U.S. college or university with a cumulative GPA of at least 3.0 is welcome to apply. Requirements:  Eligible students will: Write an essay of no fewer than 600 words about their career aspirations and how their current course load will help them achieve success in their careers. Where do you see yourself 10 years from now? Thinking outside the box is encouraged! Email their essay as a .doc or .pdf attachment to:  scholarship@greatclubs.com YouTube submissions are optional, although not required. Video should be no longer than 5 minutes. (Essays submitted via YouTube must also be submitted in writing.) Due Date: August 31, 2015 To read more information directly,  click here!

Designing Documents and Interfaces Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Designing Documents and Interfaces - Essay Example User guides mostly contain a lot of written information on a step by step basis on the procedure of using the products. Children below the age of six also tend to comprehend information conveyed through drawings and illustrations. Therefore I added in procedures that are illustrated in form of pictures showing what should be done within the user guide. They could also have pop-up pictures in order to draw in the attention of the children. I also added games in the user guide whereby I put them within the steps in the user guide in order to ensure the attention of the child is not lost as he or she goes over the guide manual.  The changes in the rhetorical situation led to alterations in the design of the user guide manual due to the fact that I made the user guide more colorful and added more pictures to the user guide and also changed the shape of the user guide manual to shapes that would appeal to children. I believe these changes were effective due to the fact that Children bel ow the age of 6 years would be more drawn in by illustrations and

Corporate Responsibilities to Ensure Work and Family Facilitation Essay

Corporate Responsibilities to Ensure Work and Family Facilitation - Essay Example Without these conditions, transitions in the workplace would be high and the quantity as well as the quality of outputs for the corporation would suffer. This paper shall discuss the corporate responsibilities which help ensure work and family facilitation. This paper is being undertaken in order to assist corporations in identifying their responsibilities and in order to assist them in the improvements they need to make for their operations. Body Work design Corporations have a major role in ensuring work and family facilitation and they can certainly do this by concentrating on their corporate work design. Work design has been identified as a major cause of various issues in work-family facilitation; and it also has been considered as an essential means in ensuring work progress (Heymann, 2000). In order to achieve the success of this design, the broad and dual agenda coverage has to be considered. The problems which corporations face must be assessed not according to how organizat ions can achieve strong performance in their workplace, but on how the workplace can be built to secure high quality work and a satisfying family life. 1. Sharing control and responsibility with the workers One of the means by which the work design can be re-imagined is for the corporation to share control and responsibility to their workers (Eaton, 2000). Sharing control in the policy and work management of employees as well as their representatives is important because the front-line workers as well as their managers are often already familiar with their work practices. The contribution of workers is therefore incorporated into the redesign activities in the workplace. It is also incumbent upon corporations to adjust the work culture and make the work hours more flexible while still maintaining strong outputs. Corporations must also encourage their employees to participate in the some decision-making activities of the corporation. Without these options, the flexible work policies will not be used well. Corporations also need to coordinate and dialogue with their workers in order to prevent resistance among supervisors and managers as well as work resentment from other employees (Bailyn, et.al., 2001). Through these activities, corporation can create a culture of being available for their workers. Corporations and workers need to discuss who can work together equitably based on family needs and personal circumstances. And in most cases, the most appropriate solution to various issues for employees is often to allow them to make choices and to allow them to assist in designing and administering firm practices as well as benefits. 2. Give more women opportunities in high-level corporate positions Corporations also have the responsibility of providing opportunities for women to occupy high level corporate positions. The most efficient means to ensure work-family facilitation is for corporate leaders to provide a balanced gender demographic among their supervisor y and rank-and-file staff (Blair-Loy, 1999). Since women often have multiple responsibilities, they often experience work and family life differently from men and they would likely prioritize their home life above their work life. Corporations therefore need to make accommodations for women in their supervisory staff, in higher corporate positions in order to portray a picture of women being given at least

Implications for an Economy of a Rising Exchange Rate Essay

Implications for an Economy of a Rising Exchange Rate - Essay Example There are two types of foreign exchange rate, the spot exchange, and the term forward exchange rate. The first is defined as the rate that is currently applicable, while the latter is defined as the rate that is currently quoted and used for trading. Foreign exchange rates are determined by either a fixed rate, or a floating rate regime. A fixed rate regime of foreign exchange means that the value of the currency against a foreign currency is determined by the government through its central bank. A floating rate regime determines the value of the currency based on the dictates of the market, hence, through supply and demand principles. The private sector largely determines the appropriate exchange rate in a floating rate regime. Foreign exchange is among the three frequently used indicators to assess the health of an economy. The other two indicators are the interest rate and the inflation rate. However, it is said that foreign exchange plays a vital role in the country’s level of trade, which is critical to most free market economy in the world. Such importance has made its role in the economy critical, and with its impact, it has thus became the â€Å"most watched, analyzed, and governmentally manipulated economic measure†. ... A large, consistent government deficit, crowding out domestic borrowing, 5. A strong domestic financial market. 6. strong domestic economy relative to weaker foreign economies, 7. No record of default on government debts, 8. Sound monetary policy aimed at price stability, and 9. Political or military unrest in other countries. A combination of the above conditions will give rise to a stronger currency. Some of them may be construed as a sign of good economic housekeeping. But who directly benefits from a strong currency, and who will eventually lose out if a strong currency prevails over a longer period of time? How does a rising foreign exchange rate, then, make its impact on the economy? Foreign exchange rate would move in two directions. It moves either up or down (an appreciating or a depreciating currency). In either direction, however, it impacts the economy with some sectors being positively affected, and some sectors being negatively affected. It is therefore a question of ba lancing or mitigating its impact by government regulators in order to as much as possible keep all stakeholders happy. A rising foreign exchange rate, as stated, primarily affects a country’s exports by making them more expensive for other countries to buy. They will become more expensive to importing countries and are therefore less competitive compared to other countries. Economies whose growth is generally export-led and are relying mainly on income from exporting goods and services will be highly affected by a continuously appreciating local currency. It is the exporting sector of the economy who bears the brunt of an appreciating currency, where their produce have become less competitive in the global market relative to other similar commodities from other countries. Thus, a

Importance of Qualifications from an Aviation Manager’s Perspective Essay Example for Free

Importance of Qualifications from an Aviation Manager’s Perspective Essay Aviation is described as aircraft operation with the objective of providing air transportation. Air transportation can further be defined as all the civil flying which is performed by air carriers which are certificated and also the general aviation. The industry of air transport can be credited for its vital role it plays in the today’s global world. Management of the aviation industry is complex and thus it requires one to be competent so as to be able to deal with the challenges that face this industry in our modern world. In addition, the organizational and industrial overview of the air line business is also a complex task and can not be managed by a person who does not have qualifications in aviation management. One needs to have qualification in aviation management so as to make the organization to excel in the job market as well as to manage the other employees so as to improve performance of the organization (Yilmaz, 2008). To be able to manage the organization effectively, one need to understand on the quality of services that the company should produce so as to attract more customers and also he should have leadership traits which can enable him or her to control the behavior of the employees toward achievement of the organization. He should also be able to control conflicts that may be arising in the organization to make sure that workers are satisfied and thus they are working in a conducive environ Aviation industry need a management personnel who is competent so that he or she can be able evaluate the quantitative methods and applications in the organization. The personnel should be able to use the scientific management theories so as to support the situations of decision making by giving sound decisions which can help the organization to grow and even run profitably (Yilmaz, 2008). He or she should be able to use and apply various concepts in the organization such as the techniques of linear programming, the simulation methods, and the models of inventory control as well as the decision theory to ensure the organization is running efficiently. Furthermore, there is need for management personnel in the field of aviation to have knowledge about managerial accounting since it is a necessity in management. This will enable him or her to identify, accumulate, report and interpret the information about cost so as to make decision and control the general operation context (Yilmaz, 2008). It will also enable him to utilize and evaluate information supplied to him or her from accounting department. Having knowledge on managerial accounting can enable the management personnel to be able to have accounting tool which can enable him or her in determining on the performance of the organization. Aviation management personnel should be also qualified in the non profit and governmental accounting to enable him or her to be able to investigate the environment for decision making from a perspective of non-profit entity or public sector. This will enable the personnel to be able to analyze the consequences and also the regulation impact and the established pronouncements by governmental Accounting standards board, which is the comptroller of US and also the office of the general accounting for the federal. Aviation management personnel should also have knowledge on the financial management so that he can be able to have financial analysis, have measurement on the capital costs, capital management, capital budgeting, valuation and also in determining the analysis of the capital structures. A manager in the aviation industry should be competent and should be aware on the impact of the government as well as the current issues concerning aviation industry. He should be aware of this issue not particularly in the country but at a perspective of the world or globe. Aviation management personnel should be able to identify the market segment, to identify the trends that the organization must follow to achieve performance of the organization as well as identifying the developments that need to be introduced in the organization depending on the change in technological know how (Yilmaz, 2008). He should also be aware of the international standards required in the air transport industry so as to be competitive the market. Also being qualified will enable one to understand on the regulations and rules that govern air transport industry and make decisions on how to manage the operation of the organization according to such rules. The personnel should be able to forecast on the future trends and challenges using the present and the past trends of the industry so as to make the organization to be competitive in the market. There is also need of management aviation personnel to be competent so as to be able to identify the output and demand determinants in the organization as well as the labor relations. All in all, it is important for one to be qualified in aviation so as to be competent in the field of management in aviation industry. This is because one will be able to control all activities necessary in such industry so as to make it run efficiently and effectively for the growth or profitability of the organization.

Factors that influence to increase price of goods

Factors that influence to increase price of goods Introduction Controls the market price of all necessary goods are the prime objective of the government. However, with the price increases of essentials capturing headlines of our national newspaper and TVs almost everyday. This price-hiking problem has become the main social problem in Bangladesh and it has great negative impacts on the people. The poor general mass is suffering most in this problem. Besides, it also hindrance the growth and development of the country. Ultimately, the goals of welfare state hampered due to lack of proper controlling the price of necessary goods. There are many reasons behind this problem. According to the finance and planning adviser, Mizan Azizul Islam, International price hike of essential necessities as being responsible for high domestic prices. In most of the cases, international market price is responsible for domestic inflation. Besides, production and production costing, export and import, preservation system, marketing policies, communication system etc are also responsible for this problem. Moreover, a group of business people are taking the advantages of these and increasing the price of necessary goods. This is unethical and unlawful. Factors that Influence to Increase Price of Goods Some factors are influencing the overall situation of the market to increase the price of necessary goods. They are- Production Production cost Preservation system Marketing strategy Export and Import Unethical business practice tendency Syndication Retail sellers unlawful tendency towards benefit Global market price Lack of government rules and its implementation Production The mass production of goods nationally and globally reduces the price of goods. If it is hampered, then it is impossible to control the price or keep the price of all necessary good in the reach of the poor people. This kind of problem happened when big countries such as China, India, Korea etc fail to produce their necessary goods. Last year due to natural disaster India fail to produce rice as a result demand for rice grows up and a scarcity was arise in the global market and at the same time price for rice goes up at a tremendous rate*. And it had a impacts both in the global and local market. *.Article on the newspaper ( The Daily Star )- Due to natural disaster India fails to produce rice to meet the local demand. So, they are going to buy and preserve rice from the global market. ally recognized levels. Production Cost Production cost depends on availability of production materials such as seed, fertilizer, water, production equipments and the weather. Lack of any of them interrupts the production and increase the production cost. According to the Section 171.1014, 1 taxable entity that elects to subtract cost of goods sold for computing its taxable margin shall determine the amount of that cost of goods sold as provided by this section. Moreover, the cost of goods sold includes all direct costs of acquiring or producing the goods (Labor costs, raw materials costs, handling costs, storage costs, repairing and maintaining costs etc)*. In addition, the cost of goods does not include the following costs in relation to the taxable entitys goods (Renting or leasing costs, selling, distributions, advertising costs etc)*. However, a group of businessperson are not following this rules and regulation and increasing the price of necessary goods for seeking more benefits. On the other hand, the governments are not taking any steps against this group of people though are there rules and regulations to prevent this. The only reason behind is that now a days more than 60% MPs are businessperson. * Section 171.1012. Determination of Cost of Goods Sold. In this section: The cost of goods sold includes all direct costs of acquiring or producing the goods, including: (1) labor costs; (2) cost of materials that are an integral part of specific property produced; (3) cost of materials that are consumed in the ordinary course of performing production activities; (4) handling costs, including costs attributable to processing, assembling, repackaging, and inbound transportation costs; Preservation Lack of proper preservation system has a great impact of the quality of the goods and on its price. Because of this most of the times producer mainly the farmer lose their interest to produce the goods. However, the government tries to make the cold storages in most of the prime cities. Further, it is not sufficient. Moreover, sometimes it is too much costly for the farmers and so on. Every year just for the lack of cold storage, farmers are dropping out their goods in the ponds, rivers. Such as tomato, potato, onion etc. Besides, it is a reason of environment pollution. The government is not taking the necessary steps to prevent this. As a result, the victim farmers are losing their interest for producing this goods and a scarcity is going to rise in the local market. Therefore, price of this goods are going high which is unreachable to the general mass. (5) storage costs, including the costs of carrying, storing, or warehousing property, subject to Subsection (e); (6) depreciation, depletion, and amortization, to the extent associated with and necessary for the production of goods, including recovery described by Section 197, Internal Revenue Code; (7) the cost of renting or leasing equipment, facilities, or real property directly used for the production of the goods, including pollution control equipment and intangible drilling and dry hole costs; (8) the cost of repairing and maintaining equipment, facilities, or real property directly used for the production of the goods, including pollution control devices; (9) costs attributable to research, experimental, engineering, and design activities directly related to the production of the goods, including all research or experimental expenditures described by Section 174, Internal Revenue Code; (10) geological and geophysical costs incurred to identify and locate property that has the potential to produce minerals; (11) taxes paid in relation to acquiring or producing any material, or taxes paid in relation to services that are a direct cost of production; (12) the cost of producing or acquiring electricity sold; and (13) a contribution to a partnership in which the taxable entity owns an interest that is used to fund activities, the costs of which would otherwise be treated as cost of goods sold of the partnership, but only to the extent that those costs are related to goods distributed to the taxable entity as goods-in-kind in the ordinary course of production activ * The cost of goods sold does not include the following costs in relation to the taxable entitys goods: (1) the cost of renting or leasing equipment, facilities, or real property that is not used for the production of the goods; (2) selling costs, including employee expenses related to sales; (3) distribution costs, including outbound transportation costs; (4) advertising costs; (5) idle facility expense; (6) rehandling costs; Marketing Still in our country, there are no proper marketing policies of the government. The lower middle class, middle class and upper class businessperson are controlling the markets. Most of the times the farmers are deprived their due prices. The middle class businessperson is unethically increasing the benefit margins. On the other hand, regarding imported goods, the businessperson are syndicating and increasing the prices of goods very high. As a result, for both of this system nationally produced goods and imported goods the consumers of our country are victims of this unethical business. Most of the times the government are the co-sharer of these unethical activities of the businessperson. In one sense, due to dishonesty and corruption justice is like a golden deer for people of Bangladesh. Therefore, the price controlling is hard to reach without development of the humanity. Besides this in Bangladesh, the business people are not following the perfect marketing strategy. In addition, the government has a lack of control on the over all market condition. Sometimes-due to this many businessperson starts to market their products without testing it and maintaining the quality*. Moreover, they focus on advertisements and start to market the products at a low price. As a result, the reputed companies who are maintaining the quality of the products it becomes tough for them to sustain in the market. Because they cannot able to market the products at a cheaper rate like their competitors. As a result, the general people have to buy the quality products at a higher rate. Communication Problem Communication problem influences to increase the price of necessary goods such as vegetables, imported goods etc. Without proper communication problem, it is tough to distribute the goods properly. It is great problem in Bangladesh and we are suffering this problem year after year. Government is trying to improve the communication problem. However, the steps they are taking are not sufficient for our country. Most of the times in the rainy seasons, prices of goods due to the communication problem. Moreover, every year flood is a common natural disaster for Bangladesh that totally breaks down the transportation system of us. On the other hand, each and every the transportation companies have to face many problems. Our government does not take any steps to secure the communication system. Groups of people take the advantage and collect money from the transportation sectors such as police, Mastans and so on. Due to this types of unethical activities, the cost of goods are incrasing. Export According to the Export Policy 1997-2002 the main objectives are to achieve optimum national growth, narrow down the gaps between export and import, to make the exportable items more attractive, to develop and expand infrastructure and so on*. In the year of 2009-2010, we export $18.36 billion. For Bangladesh the main export items are garments, textiles, jute and jute goods, ships, leather, produce, frozen fish and seafood, pharmaceuticals, ceramics, cement. Our main export partners are US 31.8%, Germany 10.9%, UK 7.9%, France 5.2%, Netherlands 5.2%, Kuwait 4.9%, Japan 4.5%, Italy 4.42% (2000). However, we fail to achieve our export objectives due to political disturbance, economical condition, natural disaster and so on. Every year we are exporting less and importing more. As a result, it create a negative impacts on our economy and price of goods are going up. Because of this unstable economic condition is arising day by day. The economy of Bangladesh is constituted by that of developing country. Its per capital income in 2008 was est. US$1,500. This is lower than India and Pakistan. Bangladesh ranked as the 48th largest economy in the world in 2008. In Bangladesh the economy has grown at the rate of 6-7% p.a. Due to infrastructure problems in transportation, communications, power supply and water distribution Bangladesh can not able to achieve it export objectives. These are the reason, which influence to increase the price of necessary goods. Objectives ( Export policy 1997-2002) The principal objectives of this policy are : 1. To achieve optimum national growth through increase of export in regional and international market; 2.. To narrow down the gap between the countrys export earning and import payment through achievement of the export targets ; 3.. To undertake timely steps for production of exportable goods at a competitive price with a view to exporting and strengthening existing export markets and making dent in new markets; 4.. To take the highest advantage of entering into the post Uruguay liberalized and globalized international market; 5. To make our exportable items more attractive to the market through product diversification and quality improvement; 6.. To establish backward linkage industries and services with a view to using more indigenous raw materials, expand the product base and identify and export higher value added products ; 7. To simplify export procedures and to rationalize and solidify export incentives; 8. To develop and expand infrastructure ; 9. To develop trained human resources in the export sector; 10. To raise the quality and grading of export products to internation Import According to the Import Policy 1997-2002 the main objectives are to make the import policy compatible with the changes in world-market, to ensure the growth of industries and so on*. In the year of 2008 Bangladesh imports$20.205 billion. Our main imported items are machinery and equipment, chemicals, iron and steel, raw cotton, food, crude oil and petroleum products. Our main import partners are China 11.4%, India 9.1%, Singapore 8.5%, Hong Kong 7.1%, Japan 6.5%. Government is sincerely committed to fostering a gradual development of free market economy in the light of GATT agreement. For the interest of export promotion investment in the country, it is necessary to have a long term, stable, facilitative liberal Import Policy. The present government has taken steps to extend the duration of the Import Policy from two years to five years. Efforts have been made to make the Import Policy easier and more liberal by relaxing or rescinding the regulatory provisions of the previous Import Policy. Provisions have already been made to allow import of capital machinery and industrial raw materials on consignment basis without the cover of the Letter of Credit. Main objectives of Import policy a) To make the Import Policy Compatible with the changes in world-market that have occurred as a result of the introduction of market economy and signing of the GATT Agreement. b) To simplify the procedures for import of capital machinery and industrial raw materials with a view to promoting export, and c) To ensure growth of the indigenous industry and availability of high quality goods to the consumers at a reasonable price Government has taken steps for quality control in the import of cement, fertilizer etc. In order to protect the interest of the consumers, steps are afoot to ensure that in future all imported consumer items conform to a specified standard of quality. In the present Import Policy Order, second hand/reconditioned machinery are importable subject to fulfillment of certain conditions. Gradually efforts will be made to classify the machinery under H. S. Code. However, lack of proper management sometimes the import polices are disrupted. As a result, it takes too much time to discharge/unload the goods from sea-port. So, the importers have to increase the price of the goods. Besides, syndicating problem is a great reason to increase the market price of imported goods. Unethical Business Practice Tendency Most of the cases upper class and middle class businessperson are dishonest, selfish and they are acting as the head of the society*. They are controlling the local market price as their own wish. Besides, they are controlling the era of devils and making wealth and property. Moreover, they are also responsible for syndicating and increasing the price of local market goods. Among the politician more than 60% are businessperson*, they deals with the politicians and political parties and using their power in the wrong direction. Besides, corrupting the business sectors as much as they can just to make profits. In words, it is the Kingdom of dishonest, wealthy and powerful persons. The mass people are helpless to control the price of necessary goods. According to a report in *Amar Desh (May 11, 2007), prices of essential food items have increased 25 per cent on an average in the past four months. According to a report in New Age (May 11, 2007), prices rose between five and 50 per cent during the same period- most of it under the military-backed interim government of Fakhruddin Ahmed that assumed office after the proclamation of a state of emergency on January 11. According to the governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s own statistics, inflation increased from just fewer than six per cent in January this year to almost 7.5 per cent by March. While the government appears to be in denial suggesting that inflation is not really out of control and quite below the danger level, experts fear that it might, in fact, have crossed the double-digit mark driven by the soaring food prices. *According to SLATE magazine (2007), about our very own mafia groups that group has come to be known, and often referred to in the media, as the syndicate. Despite the fact that academics, researchers and even politicians have acknowledged such collusion, its existence is denied upfront, both by government officials and businesspeople, in a manner that can be likened to that regarding the mafia. For the longest time, the existence of the mafia, or rather Cosa Nostra, was denied by insiders as well as government officials till misconceptions and myths were laid to rest by, what came to be known as, the Maxi Trial in a court in Sicily over a hundred years after its existence was officially reported. As for the syndicate, it has proved to be invincible and even immune to a state of emergency, which has not been able to curb Retail Sellers These types of people are also corrupted. They are mainly creating artificial crises of the product in the local market*. As a result, demand for those goods goes up. Moreover, sometimes the retailers offer gift items with the low quality products. As a result, demand for quality products goes down and they take the advantage by stocking the products. After few days later they market the products at a higher price. Global Market Prices It is also one of the prime reasons for increasing the price of necessary goods. We are insufficient to produce the necessary goods. Therefore, we have to depend on importing goods from foreign countries. Moreover, we need to depend on favorable price of goods of the world market. *THE RESTRICTIVE TRADE PRACTICES, MONOPOLIES AND PRICE CONTROL ACT Commencement: 1st Februar, 1989 An Act of Parliament to encourage competition in the economy by prohibiting restrictive trade practices, controlling monopolies, concentrations of economic power and prices and for connected purposes Government Precaution In all the cases the government steps towards controlling the price is also major factor. However, I am disclosing with regret that the every sector in our country are controlled by the corrupted businessperson. Most of the cases the rules of laws are absent and the implementations of laws are in near zero percentage. Those who will implement the law, most of them are highly corrupted. Therefore, the result is a big zero. The mass people with a new hope changing the government every 5 years. However, the result is more disappointed and more distress. In a word, it is a land of all evils and injustice. Without developing, the morality it is absurd to change this hails condition. We have to start a revolution from young generation. Conclusion Due to all of these lacking it is going to be impossible to control the price of necessary goods. The very poor people are suffering most of the cases by this problem. As a result, the major portion of the people are going as burden for the society. Therefore, we have to take precautions to avoid this problem for making a happy, wealthy and prosperous Bangladesh. If we want to achieve this then we have to take serious action and frame effective laws for the elimination of the middle men groups existing various trading circles, by framing effective measure to control bribery between law enforcing agencies and trades. A strong co-ordination efforts and monitoring cells should be formed to observe and check price level of essential commodities in different trade center of the country. Besides, committees should be established for the co-operation, co-ordination and exchange of information in between different Government officials entrusted to check price level, by re-introducing old rationing system by the Government to stable the prices, by identifying syndicate groups and taking appropriate action against them.